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Joined 3 年前
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Cake day: 2023年8月11日

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  • As many others have already said, you are definitely not weird for it. If thats what you enjoy, don’t let others take it from you just because they might consider it weird.

    For me personally, I do both. Sometimes I listen to background music while doing other things. As someone said above, its like elevator music. However, for me it improves the mood for some tasks.
    On the other hand, I sit down maybe three times a week just for listening to music. I fully follow the emotions and story of a song or album.
    The music is quite different between these two modes. For the background music I just need some good tunes. When listening fully, the song must have a text I like or be a really good instrumental song. Then I also need the right song and order of songs depending on mood. Mostly it’s a curated list from which i select song by song. If I hear a great song in background listening I add it to the list. Later I listen to a more songs of the album or artist with full attention and add the ones I enjoy to my list. Funnily there are songs which then have so much meaning for me, I cannot listen to them in background anymore. Either I skip them or i put my full attention to them.





  • If you are interested in (astro)physics, here are two channels which i enjoy and can assure for their correctness on research topics:

    Dr. Becky Astrophysicist talking about what’s happening in space from planets currently visible by nakedness eye to new impactfull research papers. She explains everything in an approachable way.

    Angela Collier Theoretical physicist, makes long story telling videos about physics and societal topics surrounding research. Most videos are >50 minutes, some are more than three hours. However, they often stray from the original topic.

    For some talk about philosophy, I can recommend Philosophy Tube. Most videos are somewhat short of an hour, but explain some philosophical topic in an approachable and interesting manner. Just don’t be detered by her extraordinary costumes for each session. I think she research the philosophical questions quite well.




  • AES lässt sich mit Quantum-Prozessoren auch nicht effizienter lösen, kann also weiterhin benutzt werden.

    Kleine Korrektur, auch für symmetrische Verschlüsselung haben Quantencumputer theoretische einen Vorteil. Mit dem Grover Algorithmus kann diese quadratisch schneller gelöst werden. Aber im Gegensatz zu klassischen asymmetrischen Verfahren ist das deutlich weniger Vorteil. AES 256 ist auf einem Quantencomputer so schwer zu knacken wie AES 128 auf einem klassischen computer, also praktisch unmöglich, wahrscheinlich auf Jahrhunderte. Also praktisch kein problem.






  • Ligo provides great science summaries for most publications, here is the one for this.

    By comparing the data to these models, we found that these black holes weighed approximately 137 and 103 times the mass of the Sun, respectively. Taking all uncertainties into account, their total mass was likely between 190 and 265 solar masses, dethroning GW190521 as the most massive black hole binary observed so far.
    […]
    The merger produced a black hole with a mass likely between 182 and 251 solar masses.

    So it seems 137 and 103 solar masses are the best estimates for each single black hole before merger. Due to uncertainty however, their total mass is in the range of 190-265 solar masses, of which 182-251 remain after merger. The rest of mass is emitted as gravitational waves.


  • What you describe is more like black start, providing power to the grind when it is down. This has to be controlled well, and only a few plants need to be capable of it.

    Grid following means something like whatever the grid does, the inverter injects power supporting it. A grid forming generator or inverter also follows the grid somewhat, but tries to get it to an optimal condition. This entails things like voltage control by reactive power, frequency control by operating reserve, fault ride trough capability and so on. Many of those are naturally provided by large conventional power plants using synchronous generators like gas, nuclear or hydro. For inverter based systems, they have to be considered explicitly. For battery storage most are relatively easy to implement, some also in solar inverters. The tech exists, but yes, in some countries the regulations have not kept up with rapid expanse of inverter based power generation in the last years.


  • Der Artikel scheint sehr ungenau zu sein, da Spannungsregelung und Momentanreserve nicht differenziert wird. Den originalen Bericht auf spanisch habe ich noch nicht gelesen, aber laut diesem Bericht, lag es eben an Überspannung bzw Probleme bei der Blindleistung.

    Momentanreserve entsteht durch Schwungmasse der Generatoren, und liefert innerhalb von Sekunden Energie. Blindleistung liefert/verbraucht Energie bei jeder schwingung der Netzfrequenz, bereits über eine Periode von 20 Millisekunden gemittelt ergibt sich 0 ausgetauschte Energie.
    Der Unterschied ist wichtig wenn andere Länder und Möglichkeiten zur Vermeidung betrachtet werden. Eine Photovoltaikanlage kann nicht einfach mal einige Sekunden mehr Leistung liefern um Momentanreserve zu bilden. Aber Blindleistung ist einfach einzubauen. In Österreich und Deutschland etwa müssen alle Wechselrichter über wenigen kW Leistung, also selbst mittelgroße Heimanlagen, die Funktion haben, damit die Spannung zu stabilisieren.
    Dass dies in Spanien scheinbar nicht so vorausschauend gelöst wurde, ist hier relativ gut beschrieben, mit einigen technischen Links

    Edit: Ich hab mir den Bericht angeschaut und mit automatischer Übersetzung und ChatGPT versucht zu verstehen. Darin steht, dass ein Anstieg der Spannung das Problem war, eben nicht Schwungmasse, also Momentanreserve. Die Netzfrequenz ist erst abgefallen als sich Kraftwerke getrennt haben. Aber generell haben einige sachen zusammengespielt.




  • Out of interest I did some estimates and it seems that an asymmetry of three billionth of the total thermal radiation would be enough to rotate the probe once over a timescale of 10 years. So if the radioisotope generator has even just a tiny bit of a different infrared brightness on one side, it would turn voyager in a few years.

    notes on calculation

    Voyager weight: 815 kg
    Approximate Diameter: 1 m
    Assume mass and thermal radiation emitted with a center distance of this diameter. Then we can calculate as it would need to move 2π 2 m. It should be enough as coarse estimate and underestimate the acceleration. Distance to move: d = 6.3 m

    Assume constant acceleration due to thermal radiation
    RTG power at start: 3 * 2.4 kW = 7.2kW
    RTG power now: 7.2kW * 10^(48/88) = 4.9 kW
    Total of thermal radiation: 4.9kW / c = 16 uN
    distance moved: d = a t^2 / 2
    assuming 10 years accelerated movement movement:
    a = 63 mm/yr^2
    F = 52 fN
    3 * 10^-9 of thermal force



  • The thing is, now we have one 1-2 3.7 meter sized antenna on the voyager probes and a 100 meter sized antenna on earth with high transmission power. Signal decays with distance squared. To get the same signal power to the voyager probe assuming an relay in the middle, it would need an 25 meter antenna with the large transmitter/receiver currently on earth on space.

    In short it’s easier to build a 4 times better transmission system on earth than in an relay in space.

    One point where relays are used are mars rovers. There the orbiter has an large antenna and is close to the rover, so you don’t need to land the large antenna at the surface.

    Edit: fixed antenna diameter