thanks for the reply. my goal is in fact to take what is at address 0xf0 and store it at 0x400. I know it resembles another beginner error but it’s not this time :)

the example code I’ve given looks pretty contrived but I’ll be using this to write startup code for a microcontroller, and the values starting at src are initial values in flash I need to copy over to dest which is SRAM.

Oh I see, many thanks.

I don’t know what a .map file is, will look into that. This does work, when I objdump it _start is at 0x0. But I’m curious if there is a better solution, I’d like to learn how it’s properly done.

There should be bounties to encourage getting specific software working on wine.

And maybe even projects for coordinating work to fix issues wine has with specific software. Something like a wine-adobe-cc community on GitHub where everyone interested can come together.

Oh that makes sense, thanks :)

Heres a comment I read on youtube where again soneone points out the ground voltage rising/falling. Very confused why they say this.

Other than what others have suggested:

• Do get an etch resist pen. The toner occasionally, even when it goes well, might not transfer on some spots of the copper plate. So you’ll need the etch resist marker to color in breaks in paths etc. and fix these little issues.
• The acid or whatever you use to etch away the copper might not work on some spots. Leading to shorts or otherwise unwanted connections. So do check with a multimeter the paths and pads that are close to make sure there arent shorts. You can scratch away unwanted copper with a blade.

I dont think theres much more to add, its quite a simple process. Have fun :)

The toner transfer method would be I think the most DIY method you can use. Make your pcbs entirely by yourself at home.

Naturally wont give you as professional a result: no silkscreen, limited to 2-layer pcbs (2 sides of a copper plate).

But it is a lot faster that having it manufactured (takes me like 1 hour for a pcb) and maybe this is debatable but it makes me feel like I have more room to make mistakes.

Hi Im also a student but with a very a small budget. I figured I’d share some of the very cheap chinese boards Ive found. Cheap means some disadvantages ofcourse. Purchased one of these recently.

1. The first are boards with Altera’s Cyclone IV on them. Boards with the EP4CE6 (6K LEs) and EP4CE10 (10K LEs) can be found on AliExpress.

Cyclone IV is supported by Quartus Lite so dev tools will be free. For the fpga itself Intel has documentation but for the peripherals on the board (if its a more fully-featured board) you either rely on the seller sending you pin numbers or finding it online documented by others.

I got one with EP4CE6 (no VGA jack or other bells and whistles, just some LEDs and buttons) for what comes out as 10 euros or so. There are others that resemble proper dev boards (with connectors and stuff like 7-segment displays) costing something like 25 euros.

2. There are also Sipeed Tang FPGA boards. They use Gowin FPGAs and Gowin’s IDE is free. The Tang Nano 9k has been shown to run the PicoRV32 RISC-V core. It costs 15 euro on Aliexpress. The downside is that Gowin tools ofcourse wont be as good as Intel’s Quartus.

Also interesting to note that the Tang Nano 4K has a Cortex M3 on it so I think it counts as an Fpga-Soc? I think its fun and might get one some time.

Here’s a script I use a lot that creates a temporary directory, cds you into it, then cleans up after you exit. Ctrl-D to exit, and it takes you back to the directory you were in before.

Similar to what another user shared replying to this comment but mine is in bash + does these extra stuff.

#!/bin/bash

function make_temp_dir {
    # create a temporary directory and cd into it.
    TMP_CURR="$PWD";
    TMP_TMPDIR="$(mktemp -d)";
    cd "$TMP_TMPDIR";
}

function del_temp_dir {
    # delete the temporary directory once done using it.
    cd "$TMP_CURR";
    rm -r "$TMP_TMPDIR";
}

function temp {
    # create an empty temp directory and cd into it. Ctr-D to exit, which will
    # delete the temp directory
    make_temp_dir;
    bash -i;
    del_temp_dir;
}

temp

Thanks for your reply, that certainly a method I will try using.

But in the case of my problem I think it won’t work. Since adc_data is in the consequent of the implication, it will again be sampled in the prepone region and so take on the value before adc_data_en was asserted high, don’t you think?

In my code I set adc_data to its new value and at the same time set adc_data_en high. Perhaps I’m not supposed to do things this way? Is the usual practice to set something like adc_data to it’s new value some time before the enable is asserted?

👌

For the IRF1404Z, under the absolute maximum ratings, continuous drain current is given as 140A. If it was for something like picoseconds, it doesn’t seem meaningful labeling it ‘continuous current’?

Thank you, will give that a go :)